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Although initially established as a Union railroad hub and hospital, Camp Nelson evolved to be one of the largest recruiting and training centers for United States Colored Troops. Additionally, the camp served as a refugee camp for these soldiers and their families, many of whom risked their lives to escape the bonds of slavery. It is estimated that by the passage of the 15^th amendment over 10,000 USCT enlisted at Camp Nelson, thereby claiming their freedom and fighting for the freedom of those held in bondage.